Federico Faggin led the design and Ted Hoff led the architecture. Microsoft Windows, also called Windows and Windows OS, computer operating system (OS) developed by Microsoft Corporation to run personal computers (PCs). Thousands of software titles were released over the lifespan of the C64 and by the time it was discontinued in 1993, it had sold more than 22 million units. CHAPTER 1 questions & answers for quizzes and worksheets - Quizizz Built by IBM using their Blue Gene/Q supercomputer architecture, the Sequoia system is the world's fastest supercomputer in 2012. The company was incorporated by three 26-year-old Stanford alumni: Bechtolsheim, Vinod Khosla and Scott McNealy. Stibitz stunned the group by performing calculations remotely on the CNC (located in New York City) using a Teletype terminal connected to New York over special telephone lines. The Nest Learning Thermostat is an early product made for the emerging Internet of Things, which envisages a world in which common everyday devices have network connectivity and can exchange information or be controlled. About 50,000 were sold in Britain, primarily to hobbyists, and initially there was a long waiting list for the system. -The Massive Open Online Course (M O O C). SWAC was used to solve problems in numerical analysis, including developing climate models and discovering five previously unknown Mersenne prime numbers. So in 1971, Starkweather transferred to Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), away from corporate oversight. True/False B. English language learners often score higher on assessments due to their increased focus in language acquisition. Windows NT was a version of Windows that included a graphical interface on top of a DOS kernel. The original design included two memory boards and could generate and store 512 characters as 16 lines of 32 characters. !" "The only app I use when I need to get down to business." Dubbed a Personal Data Assistant by Apple President John Scully in 1992, the Newton featured many of the features that would define handheld computers in the following decades. It has pre-programmed curricular material. Designed to replace the 32-bit VAX architecture, the Alpha is a 64-bit reduced instruction set computer (RISC) microprocessor. IBMs first personal computer, the system was designed to run the APL programming language in a compact, briefcase-like enclosure which comprised a keyboard, CRT display, and cassette tape storage. [1] Raspberry Pi, a popular modern-class microcomputer A microcomputer is a small, relatively inexpensive computer having a central processing unit (CPU) made out of a microprocessor. In 1977, MITS was sold to Pertec, which continued producing Altairs in 1978. C. Constructed at MITs Lincoln Laboratory, the TX-0 moved to the MIT Research Laboratory of Electronics, where it hosted some early imaginative tests of programming, including writing a Western movie shown on television, 3-D tic-tac-toe, and a maze in which a mouse found martinis and became increasingly inebriated. Conceived by Harvard physics professor Howard Aiken, and designed and built by IBM, the Harvard Mark 1 is a room-sized, relay-based calculator. The PDP-8 sold for $18,000, one-fifth the price of a small IBM System/360 mainframe. True False Minuteman missiles use transistorized computers to continuously calculate their position in flight. The J-Phone line would quickly expand, releasing a flip-phone version just a month later. Cuthbert Hurd (standing) and Thomas Watson, Sr. at IBM 701 console. Ed Colligan, Donna Dubinsky, and Jeff Hawkins. A consortium of aerospace, energy, and marine science agencies undertook the project, and the system was built by NEC around their SX-6 architecture. Marketed as a fast, extremely accurate electronic slide rule with a solid-state memory similar to that of a computer, the HP-35 distinguished itself from its competitors by its ability to perform a broad variety of logarithmic and trigonometric functions, to store more intermediate solutions for later use, and to accept and display entries in a form similar to standard scientific notation. MADDIDA was flown across the country for a demonstration to John von Neumann, who was impressed. The Z3, an early computer built by German engineer Konrad Zuse working in complete isolation from developments elsewhere, uses 2,300 relays, performs floating point binary arithmetic, and has a 22-bit word length. The basic idea for bombes came from Polish code-breaker Marian Rejewski's 1938 "Bomba.". David Packard and Bill Hewlett found their company in a Palo Alto, California garage. In a widely circulated paper, mathematician John von Neumann outlines the architecture of a stored-program computer, including electronic storage of programming information and data -- which eliminates the need for more clumsy methods of programming such as plugboards, punched cards and paper. b. enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. T/F False Storage on a mobile device is usually an SSD (Solid-state drive). 1945: Memex Solved Until recently, good microcomputer software for - Chegg The 6502 and its progeny are still used today, usually in embedded applications. central processing unit (cpu) computers brain. Based around the Texas Instruments TMS 9900 microprocessor running at 3 MHz, the TI 99/4 has one of the fastest CPUs available in a home computer. Quizlet is the only app you need to study and learn. Hundreds of allied bombes were built in order to determine the daily rotor start positions of Enigma cipher machines, which in turn allowed the Allies to decrypt German messages. The system was IBM's response to losing control of the PC market with the rise of widespread copying of the original IBM PC design by clone makers. What is a typical classroom application for instructional games? Types of Software used in Business - MBA Knowledge Base Apple's Macintosh Portable meets with little success in the marketplace and leads to a complete redesign of Apple's line of portable computers. CHAPTER 5 QUESTION 1 1. This was the first program in history to run on a digital, electronic, stored-program computer. Which kind of software is required to edit a movie from filmed video footage? The company called it a connected organizer rather than a PDA to emphasize this ability. The Video Display Module (VDM) marks the first implementation of a memory-mapped alphanumeric video display for personal computers. It was transferred to the Department of Physics at the University of Melbourne in 1955 and remained in service until 1964. The Moore School Building at the University of Pennsylvania. When Was the First Computer Invented? - Computer Hope's Free Computer Help Designed by Don Lancaster, the TV Typewriter is an easy-to-build kit that can display alphanumeric information on an ordinary television set. Which two kinds of software are designed primarily for use by individuals rather than by groups of students? Chuck Peddle leads a small team of former Motorola employees to build a low-cost microprocessor. The 2200 used a built-in CRT, cassette tape for storage, and ran the programming language BASIC. The first of several personal computers released in 1977, the PET comes fully assembled with either 4 or 8 KB of memory, a built-in cassette tape drive, and a membrane keyboard. Joe Thompson at Whirlwind console, ca. It also included more memory and accommodated high-density 1.2-megabyte 5 1/4-inch floppy disks. The first large-scale computer communications network, SAGE connects 23 hardened computer sites in the US and Canada. With a distinctive anodized aluminum case, and hailed as the first true 64-bit personal computer, the Apple G5 is the most powerful Macintosh ever released to that point. After the war, he concentrated on the development of Princetons Institute for Advanced Studies computer. Bruce Artwick - Wikipedia Store the results for future use Hardware the electronical and mechanical equipment that makes up a computer. Tailored for online transaction processing, the Tandem-16 is one of the first commercial fault-tolerant computers. Walt Disney Pictures ordered eight of the 200B model to test recording equipment and speaker systems for the 12 specially equipped theatres that showed the movie Fantasia in 1940. FoxBase/FoxPro | Localazy Hub The Control Data Corporation (CDC) 6600 performs up to 3 million instructions per second three times faster than that of its closest competitor, the IBM 7030 supercomputer. Since the release of the Macintosh in 1984, Apple has placed emphasis on high-resolution graphics and display technologies. Created almost five years after the original Apple II, Franklin's Ace 1000 main logic board is nearly identical to that in the Apple II+ computer, and other models were later cloned as well. The World Wide Web was invented in the 90s The first digital computing services were invented in the The first commercial computers were available in First PCs in the First Cell phones in the 1940s 1950 80s 90s The first computer was designed to fire missles A "Bug" is used to describe Output was displayed on the users home TV screen through use of an adapter. It used $120 worth of electronics components, as outlined in the September 1973 issue of hobbyist magazine Radio Electronics. The Mark-8 Do-It-Yourself kit is designed by graduate student John Titus and uses the Intel 8008 microprocessor. What do research studies tend to confirm about online learning? Truong, founder and president of the French company R2E, created the Micral as a replacement for minicomputers in situations that did not require high performance, such as process control and highway toll collection. Palm could be connected to a PC or Mac using a serial port to synchronize sync both computer and Palm. What type of web-based creation is produced when a teacher has art students sketchnoting about a visiting artist's lecture? Although manufactured by Remington Rand, the machine was often mistakenly referred to as the IBM Univac." Reduced instruction set computers (RISC) grow out of the observation that the simplest 20 percent of a computers instruction set does 80 percent of the work. The PROMs What made the Sacramento State computer both so unique--and so expensive--was the programmable read-only memory on its motherboard. Called a complex instruction set computer, VAX systems were backward compatible and so preserved the investment owners of previous DEC computers had in software. A later version of that machine became the PDP-8, the first commercially successful minicomputer. During the 1980s and early 1990s, ____ was the dominant operating system for microcomputers. The Pentium introduced several advances that made programs run faster such as the ability to execute several instructions at the same time and support for graphics and music. The first of David Hilbert's 23 unsolved problems presented at the Paris conference of the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1900 involved the Continuum Hypothesis. VTech, founded in Hong Kong, had been a manufacturer of Pong-like games and educational toys when they introduce the Laser 128 computer. What is microcomputer? | Definition from TechTarget The Mark 1 produced mathematical tables but was soon superseded by electronic stored-program computers. SABRE is a joint project between American Airlines and IBM. When Xerox PARC loaned the Stanford Engineering Department an entire Alto Ethernet network with laser printer, graduate student Andy Bechtolsheim re-designed it into a prototype that he then attached to Stanfords computer network. Each processor had its own small memory linked with others through a flexible network that users altered by reprogramming rather than rewiring. The PROMs contained a disk operating system, allowing. The handwriting recognition software was much maligned for inaccuracy. Microsoft founded - HISTORY List of early microcomputers - Wikipedia System/360 was aimed at both business and scientific customers and all models could run the same software, largely without modification. The 48-bit machine used 92 point-contact transistors and 550 diodes. The Paragon at Caltech was named the fastest supercomputer in the world in 1992. The Retina display became standard on most of the iPad, iPhone, MacBook, and Apple Watch product lines. Which software function could help students memorize the correct names of chemical elements? A (n) _____ is a computer that controls access to the hardware and software on a network and provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information. Developed for Busicom, a Japanese calculator maker, the 4004 had 2250 transistors and could perform up to 90,000 operations per second in four-bit chunks. While the PC Jr. sold poorly, the PC/AT sold in the millions. It was used to model the decay of the US nuclear arsenal, analyze financial data, and render 3D medical images in real-time. In 1939, Bell Telephone Laboratories completes this calculator, designed by scientist George Stibitz. Acorn's ARM RISC microprocessor is first used in the company's Archimedes computer system. Designed by John V. Blankenbaker using standard medium-- and small-scale integrated circuits, the Kenbak-1 relied on switches for input and lights for output from its 256-byte memory. Information Management System Chapter 3 Quiz - CourseBB Colligan, Dubinsky, Hawkins (left to right). Later, Sun Microsystems, founded as a spin-off of a student project at Stanford University, also began selling Unix-based desktop workstations in 1982. Incorporating a version of Apple's iOS operating system, as well as sensors for environmental and health monitoring, the Apple Watch was designed to be incorporated into the Apple environment with compatibility with iPhones and Mac Books. The Commodore 64 was one of the most popular microcomputers of its era, and is the best-selling model of home computers of all time. Microcomputers for Twenty-First Century Educators (Paperback, 4th ed) / Author: Lockard / Author: Abrams / Author: "Many ; 9780673524560 ; Educational resources & technology, Education, Social sciences, Books Headquartered in Maynard, Massachusetts, Digital Equipment Corporation, took over 8,680 square foot leased space in a nineteenth century mill that once produced blankets and uniforms for soldiers who fought in the Civil War. This type of computer is useful in performing many of the mathematical equations scientists and engineers encounter in their work. The militarys high standards for its transistors pushed manufacturers to improve quality control. The Roadrunner is the first computer to reach a sustained performance of 1 petaflop (one thousand trillion floating point operations per second). Three types of the M3 were available two types that measured either temperature or pressure and one that could take images. What is the general term for software whose source code is made available for free and permits users to use, change, and improve it? It was developed as a versatile instrument controller for HP's growing family of programmable test and measurement products. Featuring the first graphical user interface (GUI) for IBM -compatible PCs, the Windows OS soon dominated the PC market. Intended to be a less expensive alternative to the PET, the VIC-20 was highly successful, becoming the first computer to sell more than a million units. The first IBM PC, formally known as the IBM Model 5150, was based on a 4.77 MHz Intel 8088 microprocessor and used Microsofts MS-DOS operating system. Combined with an enhanced bus interface unit, the microprocessor doubled the performance of the 386 without increasing the clock rate. Apple launches the iPhone - a combination of web browser, music player and cell phone - which could download new functionality in the form of "apps" (applications) from the online Apple store. Named in honor of the space shuttle which broke-up on re-entry, the Columbia supercomputer is an important part of NASA's return to manned spaceflight after the 2003 disaster. What is a prominent research finding regarding students who engage in computer programming activities? There is an inconsistency between states in the classification of ELL students. Which software was the first available for microcomputers? Be, founded by former Apple executive Jean Louis Gasse and a number of former Apple, NeXT and SUN employees, releases their only product the BeBox. The first companies to produce a specific type of program had good sales even though they did little promotion and their programs were not "userfriendly." It seems that many of these "innovators . OS/2 was the first advanced GUI operating system for Intel-based microcomputers, and has been around for a few years. assist teachers in preparing student IEPs What software is useful to illustrate a numerical concept such as the difference between electoral votes and popular votes? One of the earliest personal computers, the Kenbak-1 is advertised for $750 in Scientific American magazine. The Nest would remember what temperature users preferred by training itself to monitor daily use patterns for a few days then adopting that pattern as its new way of controlling home temperature. For many business users, quick access to this huge storage capability outweighed its relatively slow processing speed. Get started for free! It had 32 KB of memory and sold for $8,000. Oddly, the company doesn't use the term in its marketing, preferring instead to refer to the microcomputer (which it calls a "Micom") that implements the fuzzy logic. Airline reservation agents working with SABRE. Using this system, the machine could work faster than any other at the time on a problem that could be parceled out among the many processors. It featured a 5-inch display, 64 KB of memory, a modem, and two 5.25-inch floppy disk drives. On April 7, IBM announced five models of System/360, spanning a 50-to-1 performance range. Programmer Arthur Samuels used the 701 to write the first computer program designed to play checkers. Customers got a machine with a 233-MHz G3 processor, 4GB hard drive, 32MB of RAM, a CD-ROM drive, and a 15" monitor. Which software was the first available for microcomputers? Which of the following is not a benefit offered by simulations? false. The C64, as it is better known, sells for $595, comes with 64 KB of RAM and features impressive graphics. EE3463 Test 1 Written S15.docx - Name_Banner ID_ Page 1 of Apple introduces their first ultra notebook a light, thin laptop with high-capacity battery. The TX-0 (Transistor eXperimental - 0) is the first general-purpose programmable computer built with transistors. Term. Over 30 were completed, including one delivered to Australia. Students included future computing pioneers such as Maurice Wilkes, Claude Shannon, David Rees, and Jay Forrester. The machines were used by the Chinese Academy of Sciences to run massive solar energy simulations, as well as some of the most complex molecular studies ever undertaken. The EDSAC project was led by Cambridge professor and director of the Cambridge Computation Laboratory, Maurice Wilkes.

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