The so-called "great houses" of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico may have taken decades or longer to construct. These cosmographic concepts of habitation across cultures are transformed into designed landscapes, cultic caves, tents, campsites, houses, cities, or temples. Your California Privacy Rights | Do Not Sell My Personal Information Chaco Culture - UNESCO World Heritage Centre Published work includes a variety of proposals including horizon calendars, solar calendrical constructs in architecture, cardinal North-South and/or East-West (NS/EW) alignments of architecture and roads, building alignments to lunar standstills or June solstice sunrise, wall alignments to equinox sunrise or sunset, and the positioning of structures at observation points for horizon calendrical stations. They help porters to support weight using the bones of their neck and spine rather than their muscles. Kram hypothesized that they pulled it off with tumplines straps that allow freight to be suspended from the top of the head, making it physiologically easier to lug heavy loads. Chaco Culture For over 2,000 years, Pueblo peoples occupied a vast region of the south-western United States. In a new study, several researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder reenacted a small part of a trek that people in the Southwest United States may have made more than 1,000 years ago. "We feel that it is dubious to infer Chaco era timber transportation methods from a staged 20th century image," they wrote. Between approximately 800 A.D. and 1100 A.D., the ancient Chacoans built settlements . The halo Great House at Bis saani includes a cardinal North-South and East-West (NS/EW) structure, a possible SSE-facing room block, and a June solstice sunrise horizon foresight. Is Chaco Canyon the Key to Space Travel? | Gaia The irritation paid off. Explore how the Chacoan people expressed a complex solar and lunar cosmology in their archMoreMore, Chaco Canyon, located in northwest New Mexico, is perhaps the only site in the world constructed in an elaborate pattern that mirrors the yearly cycle of the sun and the 19-year cycle of the moon. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Cond Nast. Located 72 miles south of Farmington, Chaco Canyon contains the largest collection of ruins in Northwestern New Mexico. When a load is positioned at the top of the head, the spine supports the weight and it doesnt fatigue muscles. The Chaco Meridian Road Trip - roadtriptravelogues.com Jen has worked at KPBS since 2000. Nonetheless, there is general acceptance among archaeologists of the idea that visual astronomy had a role in Chacoan culture, if for no other reason than to provide a calendrical system. Four ESE facing Great Houses were constructed within and in proximity to Chaco between A.D. 860 and A.D. 1090. 56 minutes, color. Millions of years of history reveal . "Maybe the best way is to do it yourself.. The largest structure built in the US until the early 1890's is Pueblo Bonito . (2019). Their immense buildings in Chaco Canyon, a remote, barely habitable canyon innorthwestern New Mexico, have been the subject of heated archaeological debate for decades. video produced and directed by Anna Sofaer. Please select the most appropriate category to facilitate processing of your request. The film reveals that between 850 and 1150 AD, the Chacoan people designed and constructed massive ceremonial buildings in a complex celestial pattern . 1.The purpose of the construction of the Fajada Butte calendar. Cosmic Gateway | Mysteries of the Outdoors | Travel Channel The ancient Anasazi built Chaco Canyon National Historical Park, but now the area is stalked by shape-shifting creatures and visited by time travelers who left behind a mysterious artifact. So how did the ancestral Puebloans manage it? (Credit: NPS). pointed out that there's no clear evidence that the residents of Zuni Pueblo share cultural connections with the people who once inhabited Chaco Canyon. To construct their multi-storied buildings, the Chaco people transported by foot more than 200,000 timbers to the canyon and most of their food and ceramics from more productive lands 55 to 70 miles away. America's Stonehenge?America's Stonehenge?America's Stonehenge? However, Kram et al. These straps, which sherpas, or native mountain peoples of Nepal, still widely use today, loop over the top of the head. The sample of Chacoan Great Houses assessed for astronomical associations was unchanged from the mid 1990s to 2007. These timbers brought pieces of the sacred mountains to Chaco Canyon.. Krams experiment isnt definitive proof that ancestral Puebloans used to haul their loads, but Kram says his research suggests that that's likely what happened. Produced by The Solstice Project. "I had Dr. Kram and James initially focus on walking greater and greater distances with what felt like light tumpline training loads," said Carzoli, who earned his doctorate in integrative physiology from CU Boulder in 2022. "The mountains are the most sacred places for the descendant Din and Pueblo peoples. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. It feels a little weird to have something pressing on your head for hours on hours, but it doesn't do any real damage, he said. Thousands of people, the ancestors of today's Din, or Navajo, and Pueblo peoples, may have lived there from around A.D. 850 to 1200. Kram got interested in Chaco Canyon several years ago. A majority of the Great Houses built before A.D. 1000 are front-facing to the SSE. Sofaer, Anna (screenwriter) The Mystery of Chaco Canyon - Solstice Project This film describes and demonstrates the intricate and precise astronomical alignments among the many buildings spread over a wide desert area. These achievements emerged a thousand years ago in the exceptionally demanding environment of New Mexicos San Juan Basin. Stephen Lekson, Professor Emeritus, University of Colorado Boulder, "The Architecture of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico", Rina Swentzell, Architect, Santa Clara Pueblo, News study outlines air pollution from Tijuana sewage, Art Show: 'The Possibility of Something Happening', Current rainy season could be a drought buster, forecaster says, Settlement reached in Tijuana sewage lawsuit, Brittney Griner urges the return of U.S. detainees abroad at NAACP Image Awards, Washington state attorney general says FDA rules on abortion drug are unreasonable, An Arizona driver is in custody after crashing into bicycling group, killing 2, How Cardiff's new farmers market may help keep small farms in business, San Diego officials work to stop elephant poaching. DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2023.103876, Provided by That's where we go to heal, to pray,'" said Weiner, who will receive his doctorate in anthropology from CU Boulder later this spring. Get weekly and/or daily updates delivered to your inbox. Scientists may have solved a Chaco Canyon mystery by hauling logs with Landscape, directions, sun and moon, and movement of shadow and light were used by the Chacoan builders to unite with a cosmic order. By creating an account, you acknowledge that PBS may share your information with our member stations and our respective service providers, and that you have read and understand the Privacy Policy and Terms of Use. Once we corrected the mass of the timbers, Wilson said, that changed almost everything about how many people were required to carry those timbers, how much time it would take to cover 60 miles., Peeking out of adoorway inside Pueblo Bonito. Search For His Seal Continues, Proof That Neanderthals Ate Crabs 90,000 Years Ago Is Another Nail In The Coffin For Primitive Cave Dweller Stereotypes. They first tried carrying a log on their shoulders. Global Environmental Justice: The Mystery of Chaco Canyon Contemporary Pueblo Indians, descendants of the Chacoans, speak in the film of the spiritual significance of Chaco in their world today. The Mystery of Chaco Canyon - DocuWiki Ancient Desert Mystery Did Thousands Vanish Without A Trace Because Of An Ominous Prophecy And Revenge? In a remote canyon in northwestern New Mexico sits one of America's greatest historical treasures and one of the Southwest's greatest mysteries. "These timbers brought pieces of the sacred mountains to Chaco Canyon.". 1999. "It was just debilitating," Kram said. THE MYSTERY OF CHACO CANYON examines the deep enigmas presented by the massive prehistoric remains found in Chaco Canyon in northwestern New Mexico. In a 2022 study, they and their colleagues estimated that a pine log measuring about 16 feet longprobably weighed closer to 85 kilograms(a little over 185 pounds). "As they became more comfortable with their training, we began alternating training days between carrying light loads for greater distances and heavier loads for shorter distances.". Shining light on the astronomical brilliance of the austere civilization of Chaco Canyon Narrated by Robert Redford . They recall the brilliant knowledge of the ancestors that gave them control over natural forces, but suggest also the corrupting effect of such power. 1999. In the process, we get a whole new picture of the intelligence at work behind Chacoan society and its architectureThe Mystery of Chaco Canyon interweaves a narrative that is both attentive to indigenous thought and values, and robustly grounded in the rigors of scientific method. This third orientation tradition may represent some form of cultural affiliation with contemporary Rio Grande Valley people based upon comparison to previous orientation studies conducted by Lakatos, or it may perhaps represent an alternative cosmological intent. The solitary tree was once thought to represent the living "center of the world" for the people of Pueblo Bonito, the largest of Chaco Canyon's "great houses," which was occupied between A.D. 850 . Dec 3, 2018. On todays show, we hear from two Colorado scientists who recently discovered one of the oldest female infant burial sites in a cave in Europe. Chaco Canyon was a huge ancestral Puebloan city located in what is now Northern New Mexico, about 100 miles south of Durango. This program presents evidence that the Chacoan people expressed a complex solar and lunar cosmology in their magnificent architecture.The Mystery of Chaco Canyon, airing Monday, October 31, 2011 at 9 p.m. on WXXI-TV/HD (DT21.1/cable 11 and 1011), examines the deep mysteries presented by the massive prehistoric architectural remains found in Chaco Canyon in northwest New Mexico. It was just debilitating, Kram said. It is the summation of 20 years of research. Once home to the Ancient Puebloans, Chaco Canyon was a major center of ancestral Puebloan culture between 850 and 1250 A.D. By 1000 A.D., the Chaco culture had firmly established a spiritual, political, and economic center serving the Four Corners area. They first tried carrying a log on their shoulders. They built "Great Houses," which were as much as four stories tall and contained hundreds of rooms. "As they became more comfortable with their training, we began alternating training days between carrying light loads for greater distances and heavier loads for shorter distances.". When/Where: Thursday, January 24, 2019 / 6:30 p.m. - 7:30 p.m. / James A. Archeologists estimate that the main architectual landmark, the great Kiva of Chetro Keti, was . Copyright 2023 Public Broadcasting Service (PBS), all rights reserved. Symbolically, the centerline of each of the three nearby Hooper Ranch Pueblo kivas aligns with this ancient Sun Dagger shrine. She is originally from Las Vegas and attended UNLV. the mystery of chaco canyon transcript Jan Bartek - AncientPages.com - In a new study, several researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder reenacted a small part of a trek that people in the Southwest United States may have made more than 1,000 years ago. This site uses cookies to assist with navigation, analyse your use of our services, collect data for ads personalisation and provide content from third parties. "The mountains are the most sacred places for the descendant Din and Pueblo peoples. "Some people baked sourdough bread during COVID," said Kram, an emeritus professor of integrative physiology at the University of Colorado at Boulder. He and Wilson werent trying to start a new exercise fad. "Once we corrected the mass of the timbers," Wilson said, "that changed almost everything about how many people were required to carry those timbers, how much time it would take to cover 60 miles.". Once you get it positioned so that it's right on the crown of your head, then the load lines up with your neck and with the rest of your spine, Kram said. For the next 300 or so years, they quarried sandstone blocks and hauled timber from great distances to build fifteen . Summaries America's Stonehenge? Chaco Canyon sits near the border between New Mexico and Colorado. THE MYSTERY OF CHACO CANYON helps students to appreciate the scientific and cultural achievements of a significant civilization in pre-Columbian North America. Dr. Brad Eden, UNLV, MC Journal'Make(s) a compelling case for this ancient people's astronomical prowess. Long Mysterious Tunnel Discovered Inside The Khufu Pyramid, 220 Million-Year-Old Dinosaur Footprint Found On Wales Beach By Girl, Archaeologists Excavate Two Roman Bath Hidden In A Dark Passage Below The Streets Of Bath, On This Day In History: The Battle of Salamis Sep 22, 480 BC, Vikings Brewed Beer With Heated Stones Old Tradition Popular In Germany, Finland And Baltic States, Indigenous Communities Used The Caribbean Sea As An Aquatic Highway, Ancient Underwater City Of Heracleion Reveals More Archaeological Treasures. Without permission or understanding. An enduring mystery from the great houses of Chaco Canyon is the origin of more than 240,000 construction timbers. The Mystery of Chaco Canyon | PBS and Terms of Use. These straps, which sherpas, or native mountain peoples of Nepal, still widely use today, loop over the top of the head. Join this. In 1977 Sofaer visited Chaco Canyon as a volunteer recording ancient Southwestern American rock art. Yearning to be the center of everything, when we are the center of nothing: The parallels and reversals in Chaco, Hubble, and Facebook, "The Sky Starts at Our Feet: Anasazi Clues about Overcoming the Mind/Body Dualism through the Unity of Earth/Sky, A Sensory Approach to Exotica, Ritual Practice, and Cosmology at Chaco Canyon, MRES Thesis: The Fluteplayer of Chaco Canyon, Ritual, Timelessness, and Lived Experience in the Pueblo World, Materialities of Place: Ideology on the Chacoan Landscape, The Beginning of Prehistoric Settlements of the American SouthwestThe Beginning of Prehistoric Settlements of the American Southwest, Rock Art Studies: A Bibliographic Database_North America_United States_Arizona, Rock Art Studies: A Bibliographic Database_North America_United States_New Mexico, Unheard Voices, Part 1: The Astronomy of Many Cultures -- A Resource Guide, Rock Art Studies: A Bibliographic Database_North America_United States_Southwest_Navajo Rock Art, Great Houses, Shrines, and High Places: Intervisibility in the Chacoan World. THE MYSTERY OF CHACO CANYON examines the deep enigmas presented by the massive prehistoric remains found in Chaco Canyon in northwestern New Mexico. I don't know how they could have possibly done that.. Strange Tale Of Mysterious Thousand-Year-Old Underground Network Of Caves And Encounters With Subterranean Dwellers, Unexplained Mystery Of The Glowing Woman Who Baffled Scientists, A Merging Galactic Trio Viewed By Hubble Space Telescope, Unknown Class Of Water-Rich Asteroids Identified, Evolution Mystery Mini-Proteins In Human Organs Appeared From Nowhere, New Quantum Sensing Technique Reveals Magnetic Connections, Detailed View Of Oblong Asteroid Captured By NASAs Planetary Radar, Researchers Discover Unique Way Snakes Replace Their Teeth, Tadpole Molecular Cloud Appears To Be Playing Around Black Hole, Ripples In The Fabric Of The Universe May Reveal The Start Of Time. The teaching materials in the Guide are designed to be used with the film THE MYSTERY OF CHACO CANYON. The so-called "great houses" of Chaco Canyon in New Mexico may have taken decades or longer to construct. That still left a bigger question unanswered, though. THE MYSTERY OF CHACO CANYON examines the deep enigmas presented by the massive prehistoric remains found in Chaco Canyon in northwestern New Mexico. He and Wilson, who was then an undergraduate in biochemistry at the University of Colorado, Boulder, read up on the properties of dried wood and published their conclusions last year. Tells that between 850 and 1150 AD, the Chacoan people constructed massive ceremonial buildings in a complex celestial pattern throughout a vast desert region, and uses aerial and time lapse footage and computer modeling to show how the Chacoan culture designed, oriented and located these buildings . Rodger Kram, associate professor emeritus of integrative physiology, and James Wilson, then an undergraduate studying biochemistry, spent the summer of 2020 training for an impressive test of endurance: Together, they carried a ponderosa pine log weighing more than 130 pounds for 15 miles up and down a forest road in Boulder County, Coloradoand they did it using only their heads in a technique inspired, in part, by sherpas in Nepal. WIRED Media Group Colorado Sun. The irritation paid off. A feasibility study, Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports (2023). Then the researchers hit on the idea of tumplines, which are depicted in ceramic effigies recovered from close to Chaco Canyon. CU Boulder Today is created by Strategic Relations and Communications. The duo wanted to find out if such a journey would be possible. They hit a hiking pace with the log of just under 3 mphnot much slower than their normal walking speed. New aerial cinematography and lidar--an aerial laser-scanning technology--are revealing a vast network of linear . As a person who studies biomechanics and physiology of the human body, I was like, that's crazy, Kram said. These structures offered humans a domestic sphere within a realm of wild nature, ensuring stability, centricity, meaning, security, familiarities, knowledge of controlling, social and power classifications. The mystery of Chaco Canyon | Colorado Mountain College Read About our Chaco Tours in 360 West Magazine Article, The Dallas News, Adventure Pro Magazine and Cowboys & Indians. This documentary examines the ancient ruins of Chaco Canyon, built between 850 and 1150 A.D. in northwest New Mexico. Adjust the colors to reduce glare and give your eyes a break. The mountains are the most sacred places for the descendant Din and Pueblo peoples. (Credit: Patrick Campbell/CU Boulder). The duo wanted to find out if such a journey would be possible. The film challenges the notion that Chaco Canyon was primarily a trade and redistribution center. Privacy Legal & Trademarks Campus Map. Chaco Canyon was the center of the ancestral Puebloan world, home to immense great houses as high as five stories tall and containing as many as 800 rooms, cavernous kivas built so that dancers . Thus specific cultural systems including cosmovisions emerged, which allowed man to establish and maintain order and rhythm in personal and social life, interacting with given environmental conditions and to answer the human questions about the whys and wherefores concerning him and the world. Existing customers, please log in to view this film. The complexes also featured large circular ceremonial areas called kivas. Your feedback is important to us. The film reveals that between 850 and 1150 AD, the Chacoan people designed and constructed massive ceremonial buildings in a complex celestial pattern . Everybody else who was hiking there scratched their head and asked us what the heck we were doing, Kram recalled. I have found that a majority of the studied Chacoan structures to conform to one or more of four architectural traditions that have astronomical associations. New Mexico PBS has broadcast this full-length documentary more than 90 times. The ancient Native American ruins of a Great House in Chaco Culture National Historical Park The astronomical evidence presented supports the idea that people with at least three distinct cosmological intents collaborated at Chaco; it also supports Van Dykes hypothesis that Late Bonito phase construction at Chaco represented an attempt by a weakened ritual elite to reinvigorate their legitimacy and power. A new explanation of the mystery is emerging. Peter Whiteley, Dept. Airs Wednesday, July 3, 2019 at 11 p.m. on KPBS TV. Speaker: Anna Sofaer and her colleagues Robert Weiner and Richard Friedman. of Anthropology, Sarah Lawrence College'It does an outstanding job of weaving Pueblo traditions of migration and human agency into scientific accounts of the past at Chaco Canyon, affording both forms of knowledge the respect they deservehelps place Pueblo people in their contemporary context, as well as explain the pastI highly recommend it.' Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. Custom Review of "The Mystery of Chaco Canyon" Essay Paper They built Great Houses, which were as much as four stories tall and contained hundreds of rooms. Past archaeoastronomy work has had limited influence on such debate. The team's findings open up a new understanding of the day-to-day lives of the people who shaped the Southwest more than a thousand years ago, said study co-author Robert Weiner. Interior Secretary David Bernhardt has agreed to put off oil and gas leasing for a year on land that tribes consider sacred surrounding Chaco Culture, Northern Colorado Center for Investigative Reporting, Tom Sizemore, 'Saving Private Ryan' actor, has died at 61, Election-denying former Colorado clerk guilty of obstruction, He visited Disneyland 2,995 days in a row. They used sticks called "tokmas," which Nepalese sherpas also employ, to take breaks, resting the log without lowering it all the way to the ground. Under the terms of a U.S. National Park Service field research permit some location- specific site data has been deliberately redacted from this document, as required by the U.S. Archaeological Resources Protection Act of 1979. Dibble, Matt (screenwriter). Chaco Canyon sits near the border between New Mexico and Colorado. You can convince people if you show that something is actually feasible," Kram said. Instead, they were hoping to solve an archaeological mystery that has perplexed researchers for decades: How did ancient peoples transport more than 200,000 heavy construction timbers over 60 miles to a famous site in the Southwest called Chaco Canyon? The Mystery of Chaco Canyon (TV Movie 1999) - IMDb 56 minutes, ColorGrade Level: 7-12, College, AdultUS Release Date: 1999; Copyright Date: 1999ISBN: 1-56029-812-XDirected by Anna SofaerProduced by The Solstice ProjectNarrated by Robert RedfordWritten by Anna Sofaer and Matt DibbleMusic by Michael Stearns. That's five miles round trip.. Examines the enigmas presented by the prehistoric remains found in Chaco Canyon in New Mexico. Kram decided to take proving his theory a stepor haulfurther, though. The Mystery of Chaco Canyon. The sun beam lines up with different spirals or edges on the equinoxes and solstices. Additional manual findings using NVDA screen reader 1. Chaco Canyon is a shallow, ten-mile canyon situated in the northwest corner of New Mexico. In dialogue and narrative, one deeply feels that Chaco is haunted, magical. The site remains one of the most important . It is the summation of 20 years of research. We chose a forest road up here in the foothills and outside of Nederland and we walked up and down this darn road. Many scientists have hypothesized about how the Chacoans might have accomplished this feat. Gazing at the horizon: heavenly phenomena and cultural preferences within northwest Scotland? The duo wanted to find out if such a journey would be possible. CNMN Collection Well hear their analysis, and what they think life may have been like for the child and her family. Significantly, recently a large effigy of Quetzalcoatl which was removed from the site prior to the Field Museum's 1961 excavation has been recovered, and the embellishment of the shrine itself as an equinox marker has been noted. "It's just a dumb way to carry a heavy object.". The actual demonstration was to try and walk a long distance carrying 66 pounds per person, walking side by side, Kram said. The study was published in Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, Written byJan Bartek AncientPages.comStaff Writer, Runes Were Just As Advanced As Roman Alphabet Writing New Study, Ancient Burials Of Worlds First Horse Riders Found Near The Black Sea, Clevelands Prehistoric Sea Monster Had A Mouth Twice As Large As A Great White Shark, Mysterious Bronze Age Golden Tomb Unearthed In Armenia. Narrated by Robert Redford. He read a statistic suggesting that the mass of a typical roof beam, or "viga," in a Chacoan Great House likely averaged around 275 kilograms (more than 600 pounds). The content is provided for information purposes only. (Credit: NPS). They estimated that a 16-foot-long pine log weighed closer to 85 kilograms, or just over 185 pounds. The Fajada Butte petroglyph is constructed in line with a sliver of light that shines in different spots on the calendar depending on the position of the sun. To test that hypothesis, co-authors Rodger Kram and James Wilson spent the summer of 2020 training until they could haul a heavy log some 15 miles using tumplines. The average logs that were carried to build these great houses at Chaco were about 16 feet long, so I multiplied it by 16, he said. The duo and their colleaguesdescribed their experimentFeb. 22 in theJournal of Archaeological Science: Reports. They attempted their final test on a forest road leading to Gross Reservoir southwest of Boulder, carrying the timber using tumplines on either end. Tumplines are hardly a new innovation. The Mysterious Books Of Prophecies Of The Knights Templar Where Are They Hidden? They first tried carrying a log on their shoulders. Use one of the services below to sign in to PBS: You've just tried to add this video to My List. The teams findings suggest that the key to this testament to human labor may have been simple devices called tumplines. Since its release in 2000, our award-winning film, The Mystery of Chaco Canyon, has aired more than 10,000 times on 95% of PBS stations across the country. Researchers get some clarity on Chaco Canyon's 1,000-year-old supply You've just tried to add this show to My List. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. What Does The Brain Of The Homo Erectus Fossil With The Lowest Cranial Capacity Tell About Evolution? An examination of the prehistoric remains found in Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, which functioned as a complex ceremonial center, harmonized by extraordinary astronomical alignments of buildings and roads, and elegant light and shadow markings. But how this society got its construction supplies has been a long-standing mystery. Within the published archaeoastronomy work attention to Pueblo ethnography, archaeological evidence including temporal data, statistical significance, and the consideration of multiple hypotheses has varied widely. The teams findings open up a new understanding of the day-to-day lives of the people who shaped the Southwest more than a thousand years ago, said study co-author Robert Weiner. Were thrilled to announcethat our award-winning film, The Mystery of Chaco Canyon is nowstreaming on Amazon Prime CLICK HERE, You can now purchase the DVD of our full-length documentary on Amazon CLICK HERE, Rent and stream the full version on Vimeo CLICK HERE. New Mexico PBS has broadcast this full-length documentary more than 90 times. Well-paced and absorbing, simultaneously poetic and analytical, this film provides a new benchmark of understanding for serious studies of ancestral-Pueblo astronomy and culture.Dr. "I cut a 1-foot-long section of pine and weighed it on my bathroom scale," said Kram, who lives on a wooded property in the hills west of Boulder. Thousands of people, the ancestors of today's Din, or Navajo, and Pueblo peoples, may have lived there from around A.D. 850 to 1200. I had Dr. Kram and James initially focus on walking greater and greater distances with what felt like light tumpline training loads, said Carzoli, who earned his doctorate in integrative physiology from CU Boulder in 2022.

Pagkakatulad Ng Piyudalismo At Holy Roman Empire, Casa Lupita Arroz Con Pollo Recipe, Gympie Dump Shop Hours, Saline County Inmate Roster, Articles T